Fishing Boat Crafting: A Part of Ahwaz’s Heritage

The craft of building fishing boats, known locally as “lanj” or “galaf,” is one of the oldest traditional industries in the occupied Arab state of Ahwaz. With a history spanning hundreds of years, it is deeply rooted in Ahwazi heritage and identity. The city of Abadan, located along the shores of the Arabian Gulf, is especially renowned for this industry and is known for producing both small and large “lanjat” (boats).

Ahwazi fishermen rely on “lanj” boats for their livelihoods, using them primarily for fishing and shrimping.

The Process of Crafting Lanj Boats
The process of making a lanj boat begins with selecting the right type of wood, often teak or mahogany. After choosing the wood, it is cut into planks based on the necessary dimensions. The construction then begins by assembling the outer structure with nails or screws. Once the outer frame is complete, the inner structure, including seats, storage compartments, and other fittings, is installed. Finally, the lanj is painted, typically in white or blue.

The Artisans Behind the Lanj
The craft of building lanj boats requires high levels of skill and precision. Artisans rely on their own hands-on experience, as there are no formal training programs available for this trade. This traditional profession provides employment opportunities for many in Ahwaz, requiring artisans to be well-versed in different wood types and characteristics, as well as proficient with the tools needed for each stage of construction.

Despite its importance, the trade faces numerous challenges, including rising material costs and a decline in skilled young artisans. Without addressing these issues, this ancient craft risks fading into obscurity.

Fishing Barges
Fishing barges are a type of large boat or small cargo vessel often seen in the Arabian Gulf, the Sea of Oman, and the Indian Ocean. These vessels are based on traditional sailing boats common to the region, but they now rely on engines instead of sails. Since the 1950s, gasoline and diesel engines have replaced sails for power, and most of today’s barges are engine-powered.

Those who work in lanj building are referred to as galaf. The captain’s quarters are known as “qamra,” and the lower storage area is called “khan.” Another type of fishing barge, known as “al-samash,” can hold up to five tons of fish, powered by a motor for efficient fishing. In Ahwazi dialect, fish are called “simak.”

The Significance of the Lanj Craft
Lanj boat crafting plays a vital role in Ahwaz’s local economy, providing jobs for many and contributing to food security for the population. It is a cherished craft that reflects the rich cultural heritage of the Arab state of Ahwaz.